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Sir Arthur Harden ( 1865 - 1940 )  Category ( Chemists ) [suggest a correction]
 

Sir Arthur Harden, the Nobel Prize winner for work in fermentation, was born on October 12, 1865 in Manchester, England. He was born to Albert Tyas Harden and Eliza Macalister. Harden attended a private school from 1873 to 1877 and then Tettenhall College in Staffordshire for the next four years from 1877 to 1881.

In 1882, he began studying at the Owens College at the University of Manchester under Sir H.E. Roscoe. He completed his studies with first-class honors in chemistry after only three years.

Harden received the Dalton Scholarship in Chemistry in 1886. He used this to study under Otto Fischer at Erlangen Univeristy in Germany for one year from 1886 to 1887. Upon his return to England, he became a lecturer and demonstrator at Manchester. He remained there until 1897 when he received a position as a chemist at the British Institute of Preventive Medicine.

In 1907, Harden became the head of the Biochemical Department at the Institute. He held this position until retiring in 1930. In 1912, he was given the title of Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at the University of London. After retirement, he continued his research at the Institute. 

Harden’s research began with the study of light and carbon dioxide and chlorine mixtures. Before long, his interest drifted towards the problem of yeast cell chemistry. His study of yeast led to the discovery of coenzymes. After separating the molecules in yeast by dialysis, he found that the small molecules in the cell were necessary for fermentation. He also discovered that these small molecules were not destroyed upon boiling. This indicated that they were not proteins or enzymes. He also found out that after yeast enzymes broke down and lost activity, they could be restored by the addition of phosphates.

For his work on fermentation, Harden received the Nobel Prize for chemistry along with Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin in 1929. He was knighted in 1936. He also became a Fellow of the Royal Society, received the Davy Medal in 1935, and became an honorary Doctor of Science at the University of Athens.

Harden got married in 1900 to Georgina Sydney Bridge, the daughter of C. Wynyard Bridge from Christchurch, New Zealand. She died in January 1928 and the two never had any children. Harden died on June 17, 1940 at home in Bourne End, Buckinghamshire.


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Title :Chemistry 1929
 
 
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